At the end of the month-long fast of Ramadan comes a three-day holiday called Eid al-Fitr, which means The Festival of Fast-Breaking. People greet each other by saying Eid Mubarak (Blessed Festival), and during this time charity is given to needy families, gifts are given to children, and people get dressed up and visit family and friends. As you can imagine, food of every kind (but especially sweets) is abundant.
Bakdash Ice Cream Parlor, Souk Al Hamidiya, Damascus, Syria (Image Source)
The first time I enjoyed Syrian ice cream (which is called Émaa) was where it originated – at Bakdash Ice Cream parlor in the Souk Al Hamidiyah in Damascus. It is so much fun to head to Bakdash and watch this being made. It’s pounded with large wooden mallets and then pulled and stretched, owing its taffy-like consistency to an ingredient called mastic gum.
I recently had a craving for this ice cream, and because Mike and I arent planning a trip back to Syria for a while, I knew I would have to come up with a recipe myself. And what better time to make it than for the Eid?
My very sweet mother-in-law told me the main ingredients in Émaa, which are fairly well-known: milk, mastic gum, sugar, sahlab, and rose water (plus of course the pistachio coating!). There are two ingredients that are somewhat uncommon mastic gum and sahlab but both are available in Middle Eastern grocery stores or on Amazon.
Mastic gum is a really interesting ingredient. It comes in little yellow crystals (the medium-sized pieces are about 1/2 cm wide by 1 cm tall) called tears, and has the look and feel of beach glass. It has a strong perfume-y smell, and I actually think it smells just like Tide laundry detergent. Here is what it says about mastic on the back of the package: [Mastic is] a unique product with many beneficial qualities and wide-ranging uses since antiquity. Nowadays, it is used in pharmaceuticals, perfumes, cosmetics, beverages, baking goods, sweets, as well as in cooking. Mastiha is the natural resin of pistacia lentiscus variety Chia, a tree which grows only on the Aegean island of Chios, Greece. Scientific research shows that Chios Mastiha has anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory and healing activity. It contributes to a healthy gastrointestional system and has beneficial effects for both oral hygiene and skin care.
Sahlab is a mixture of cornstarch, sugar, and sahlab (roots of orchids mascula). If you cant find sahlab, you can substitute an equal part of cornstarch plus a couple drops of orange blossom water.
After we bought these ingredients, the hardest part was figuring out the proportions of each. After some trial and error I came up with a recipe that Mike and I both feel is a pretty close replication of the original. I use 9 parts whole milk and 1 part heavy cream, but feel free to use all whole milk if you prefer.
Eid Mubarak to all celebrating!
- 9 cups plus ¼ cup whole milk, divided
- 1 cup heavy cream
- 4 medium pieces (about ¼ teaspoon) mastic gum (also called Arabic gum)
- 2½ cups sugar
- 5 teaspoons sahlab
- ¾ teaspoon rose water
- Chopped pistachios, for serving
- In a small bowl, whisk together ¼ cup milk with the sahlab; set aside.
- Grind the mastic into a powder; the best way to do this is to put the mastic between 2 pieces of parchment paper or inside a plastic bag and pound it with a heavy object, such as a rolling pin.
- Add the remaining 9 cups of milk, the cream, and the mastic to a large pot over medium heat; bring to a boil, stirring frequently.
- Once boiling, slowly whisk in the sugar and bring back up to a boil, stirring constantly. Whisk in the sahlab mixture and boil vigorously 5 minutes, then turn off the heat and add the rose water.
- Cool to room temperature, then refrigerate until well chilled, about 4 to 6 hours.
- Transfer the chilled mixture to an ice cream machine and process according to the manufacturers directions.
- Once processed, put the ice cream in a freezer-safe bowl and transfer to the freezer to set.
- Serve topped with chopped pistachios.
Here are a few photos of Bakdash we took while we were in Damascus in 2011…
I’m Faith Gorsky, the writer, cook, and photographer behind An Edible Mosaic. My goal is to inspire you to get in the kitchen and try something new! Feel free to 
An ingredient that smells like Tide that you use in dessert? Now, THAT is really worth trying. ;)
Lovely–mastic is great for stomach ailments. I have eaten it in jellied candies, gum and in the little tear like natural state. Thanks for the lovely recipe.
Very interesting…..While, I don’t know if I’d try making it myself I would like to find somewhere that sells it.
~ingrid
This is so crazy! I was just visiting Dessert Stalking and when I saw the pic of this icec ream, I immediately thought of you and how it seemed like something you might make. And when I clicked it, what do you know? LOL, guess I’ve gotten to know you through your blog a little bit! This looks soooo good and I’m really intrigued by the chios gum mastic.
انا اية انا كتير معجبة بشغلك مرت خالو و انشالله مندوق الاكل
Love this! I tried another recipe that used double the amount of mastic gum- way too much. Found yours and it was perfect! Love the hint of rose water with the pistachio topping. Heat resistant so slightly easier for photographing too!
Hey, also went to that same place in Damascus. Love that ice-cream and lucky enough to still be able to get it here in Qatar. However I have to point out that mastic gum and arabic gum are not the same thing. Mastic is from the sap of the mastic tree while arabic gum is from the acacia tree. Mastic is also expensive because it is so rare. Going to try and make the ice-cream soon since I finally got my hands on some mastic gum!
I LOVED reading this article. It made me miss back home so much. I’m from Syria but a Chicago transplant. Mastic gum (tears of Chios) is an important ingredient in Syrian desserts. I wish you tried Halawet el jibin (cheese pastry).
Cheers!